Isingeniso Sokushintsha Kwezincazelo Kusukela ku-HDMI 1.0 Kuya ku-HDMI 2.1 (Ingxenye 1)

Isingeniso Sokushintsha Kwezincazelo Kusukela ku-HDMI 1.0 Kuya ku-HDMI 2.1 (Ingxenye 1)

Kusukela kwakhishwa isidlali sokuqala se-Blu-ray emhlabeni, i-Samsung BD-P1000, ngo-2006, esasebenzisa i-HDMI, iningi labadlali be-Blu-ray namadivayisi okudlala i-full HD afakwe i-HDMI. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-HDMI ibilokhu ingavimbeki futhi ibilokhu ibusa imboni yekhebula iminyaka eminingi, ihlanganisa kokubili imikhakha yokudlulisa umsindo namavidiyo yabathengi neyezimboni.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinguqulo ze-HDMI

1.4 kanye no-2.0 yizona ezivame kakhulu

I-2.0a isekela i-4K HDR
I-HDMI 1.0
Isekela i-Blu-ray kanye ne-Full HD 1080/60Hz
I-HDMI 1.0 yakhishwa ngoDisemba 9, 2002. Iyi-interface yokuxhumanisa yomsindo/ividiyo yedijithali yomugqa owodwa. Ukwakheka kwesixhumanisi kusekelwe ku-DVI futhi kusebenzisa ifomethi efanayo yokudlulisa ividiyo, kodwa kudlulisa umsindo kanye neminye idatha esekelayo ngesikhathi sezikhawu zokusakazwa kwevidiyo. I-HDMI 1.0 ivumela iwashi le-TMDS eliphakeme kakhulu elingu-165 MHz (ububanzi be-bandwidth yesixhumanisi ngasinye bungu-4.95 Gbit/s), okufanayo ne-DVI. Ichaza izinhlobo ezimbili zezixhumi ezibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-A kanye nohlobo lwe-B, ezisebenzisa ngokulandelana ama-pinout asekelwe kuzixhumi ze-DVI-D ezinesixhumanisi esisodwa kanye nezixhumi ze-DVI-D ezinesixhumanisi esikabili, yize isixhumi sohlobo lwe-B singakaze sisetshenziswe kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wezohwebo. I-HDMI 1.0 isebenzisa ikhodi ye-8 b/10 b yokudlulisa ividiyo, iyinika ububanzi be-bandwidth yevidiyo obungu-3.96 Gbit/s (1920×1080 noma 1920×1080 60Hz) kanye nomsindo we-LPCM/192 kHz/24-bit weziteshi ezingu-8. I-HDMI 1.0 idinga ukwesekwa kwevidiyo ye-RGB, futhi ngokuzithandela isekela i-Y′CBCR 4:4:4 kanye ne-4:2:2 (iphoqelelwe uma idivayisi isekela ezinye izixhumi ze-Y′CBCR). Ukujula kombala okungu-10 bpc (30 bits/pixel) noma okungu-12 bpc (36 bits/pixel) kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwesampula encane engu-4:2:2, kodwa ukujula kombala okungu-8 bpc (24 bits/pixel) kuphela okuvunyelwe uma usebenzisa i-RGB noma i-Y′CBCR 4:4:4. Izikhala zombala ze-Rec. 601 kanye ne-Rec. 709 kuphela ezisekelwayo. I-HDMI 1.0 ivumela kuphela amafomethi athile evidiyo achazwe kusengaphambili, kufaka phakathi wonke amafomethi achazwe ku-EIA/CEA-861-B kanye namanye amafomethi abhalwe ku-HDMI specification. Yonke imithombo/abamukeli be-HDMI kumele bakwazi ukuthumela/ukwamukela ividiyo ye-DVI yesixhumanisi esisodwa futhi bahambisane ngokugcwele nencazelo ye-DVI.
Inguqulo yokuqala ye-HDMI, eyakhishwa ngoDisemba 2002, kungathiwa yenzelwe ngqo isofthiwe ye-HD egcwele njenge-Blu-ray ngaleso sikhathi. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuhlanganiswa kokudluliswa kwevidiyo nomsindo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezixhumi zokudlulisa ividiyo ezihlanzekile kumakhompyutha afana ne-DVI ne-DisplayPort, ifaneleka kakhulu imishini yokubuka umsindo. I-HDMI 1.0 isivele isekela ividiyo ye-DVD ne-Blu-ray, ene-bandwidth ephezulu engu-4.95 Gbps, lapho i-3.96 Gbps isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ukusakazwa kwevidiyo, ekwazi ukusekela i-1080/60p noma i-UXGA resolution; maqondana nomsindo, isekela i-LPCM 24bit/192kHz yeziteshi ezingu-8, okusho ukuthi isivele ifinyelele umsindo we-Hi-Res weziteshi eziningi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemininingwane yekhebula ngaleso sikhathi, yayinamandla kakhulu.

I-HDMI 1.1

I-HDMI 1.1 yakhululwa ngoMeyi 20, 2004, futhi yengeza ukwesekwa kwe-DVD-Audio.
Yaqalwa ngoMeyi 2004 futhi yafaka ukwesekwa okusha kwe-DVD-Audio. I-DVD-Audio igcina umculo we-PCM osuka ku-16-bit/44.1kHz kuya ku-24-bit/192kHz kuma-DVD disc. Ekuqaleni yayihloselwe ukuba ibe yindlalifa ye-CD ngendlela efanayo ne-SACD, kodwa ngeshwa, womabili la mafomethi ahluleka ukuthola ukuthandwa kabanzi.
I-HDMI 1.2
Ukusekelwa kwe-SACD
Yakhishwa ngo-Agasti 2005, yengeza ukwesekwa komsindo we-1-bit, owaziwa nangokuthi ukusakaza umsindo we-SACD, kuze kufike eziteshini ezingu-8. I-DMI CEC ivumela isilawuli kude esisodwa ukulawula wonke amadivayisi ahambisanayo, okuyinto elula kakhulu.
I-HDMI 1.2 yakhishwa ngo-Agasti 8, 2005, futhi yengeza inketho yomsindo omncane we-Super Audio CD, iziteshi ezifika kwezingu-8. Ukuze i-HDMI ifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kumadivayisi e-PC, inguqulo 1.2 nayo isuse isidingo sokusebenzisa amafomethi asekelwa ngokucacile kuphela. Yandisa ikhono labakhiqizi lokudala amafomethi athile kumhlinzeki, okuvumela noma yikuphi ukuxazululwa kanye nezinga lokuvuselela, kungagcini ohlwini oluchazwe kusengaphambili lwamafomethi asekelwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yengeze ukwesekwa okucacile kwamanye amafomethi amasha kufaka phakathi i-720p ku-100 kanye ne-120Hz kanye nezidingo zokusekelwa kwefomethi yephikseli ekhululekile, ukuze imithombo enokukhishwa kwe-RGB yendawo (i-PC) kuphela kungadingeki ukusekela ukuphuma kwe-Y′CBCR.