Isingeniso Sokucaciswa Kwezinguquko ukusuka ku-HDMI 1.0 ukuya ku-HDMI 2.1 (Ingxenye 2)

Isingeniso Sokucaciswa Kwezinguquko ukusuka ku-HDMI 1.0 ukuya ku-HDMI 2.1 (Ingxenye 2)

I-HDMI 1.2a
Ihambisana nokulawulwa kwamadivayisi amaningi we-CEC
I-HDMI 1.2a ikhishwe ngo-December 14, 2005, futhi yacacisa ngokugcwele izici ze-Consumer Electronic Control (CEC), isethi yomyalo, nokuhlola ukuthobela kwe-CEC.
Ukubuyekezwa okuncane kwe-HDMI 1.2 kwethulwa ngenyanga efanayo, kusekela yonke imisebenzi ye-CEC (Consumer Electronic Control), okuvumela amadivayisi ahambisanayo ukuthi alawulwe ngokuphelele ngesilawuli kude esisodwa lapho exhunywe nge-HDMI.

Isizukulwane sakamuva samathelevishini, abadlali be-Blu-ray nezinye izinto zokusebenza zisekela ubuchwepheshe boMbala Ojulile, okuvumela ukuboniswa kwemibala egqame kakhulu.

I-HDMI Type-A, okuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesixhumi se-HDMI, isetshenziswe kusukela kunguqulo 1.0 futhi isasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Uhlobo C (i-HDMI encane) lwethulwe kunguqulo 1.3, kuyilapho u-Type D (micro HDMI) yethulwa kunguqulo 1.4.
I-HDMI 1.3
Umkhawulokudonsa unyusiwe wafinyelela ku-10.2 Gbps, usekela Umbala Ojulile kanye nokusakaza komsindo okucacayo

Ukubuyekeza okukhulu okwethulwe ngoJuni 2006 kwenyusa umkhawulokudonsa waba ngu-10.2 Gbps, okuvumela ukusekelwa kwe-30bit, 36bit kanye ne-48bit xvYCC, i-sRGB noma ubuchwepheshe be-YCbCr Deep Color. Ukwengeza, isekele ukusakazwa komsindo kwe-Dolby TrueHD ne-DTS-HD MA enencazelo ephezulu, engadluliswa isuka kusidlali se-Blu-ray nge-HDMI iye ku-amplifier ehambisanayo ukuze iqoshwe. I-HDMI 1.3a, 1.3b, 1.3b1 ne-1.3c eyalandela kwaba izinguquko ezincane.

I-HDMI 1.4
Isekelwa i-4K/30p, 3D ne-ARC,
I-HDMI 1.4 ingathathwa njengenye yezinguqulo ezaziwa kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Yasungulwa ngoMeyi 2009 futhi isivele isekela ukulungiswa kwe-4K, kodwa kuphela ku-4,096 × 2,160/24p noma 3,840 × 2,160/24p/25p/30p. Lowo nyaka futhi wawuyisiqalo sokuhlanya kwe-3D, futhi i-HDMI 1.4 isekela izithombe ezingu-1080/24p, 720/50p/60p 3D. Ngokuhlakanipha komsindo, yengeze umsebenzi owusizo kakhulu we-ARC (Audio Return Channel), okuvumela umsindo we-TV ukuthi ubuyiselwe nge-HDMI ku-amplifier ukuze ukhiphe. Iphinde yengeza umsebenzi wokudlulisa inethiwekhi we-100Mbps, okuvumela ukwabelana koxhumo lwe-inthanethi nge-HDMI.

I-HDMI 1.4a, 1.4b

Izibuyekezo ezincane ezethula ukusebenza kwe-3D
Uhlanya lwe-3D oluvuswe "i-Avatar" luqhubekile ngokunganqamuki. Ngakho-ke, ngo-March 2010 kanye no-Okthoba 2011, ukubuyekezwa okuncane kwe-HDMI 1.4a ne-1.4b kwakhululwa ngokulandelana. Lezi zibuyekezo zazihloselwe kakhulu i-3D, njengokwengeza amanye amafomethi amabili e-3D okusakaza nokusekela izithombe ze-3D ekulungisweni okungu-1080/120p.

Kusukela ku-HDMI 2.0, ukulungiswa kwevidiyo kusekela kufika ku-4K/60p, okubuye kube inguqulo ye-HDMI evame ukusetshenziswa kumathelevishini amaningi amanje, izikhulisamazwi, nezinye izinto zokusebenza.

I-HDMI 2.0
Inguqulo ye-4K yangempela, umkhawulokudonsa ukhuphuke waba ngu-18 Gbps
I-HDMI 2.0, eyethulwe ngoSepthemba 2013, yaziwa nangokuthi “i-HDMI UHD”. Nakuba i-HDMI 1.4 isivele isekela ividiyo ye-4K, isekela kuphela ukucaciswa okuphansi kwe-30p. I-HDMI 2.0 inyusa umkhawulokudonsa usuka ku-10.2 Gbps uye ku-18 Gbps, okwazi ukusekela ividiyo engu-4K/60p futhi ihambisana nokujula kombala we-Rec.2020. Okwamanje, izinto zokusebenza eziningi, okuhlanganisa omabonakude, izikhulisa-zwi, izidlali ze-Blu-ray, njll., zisebenzisa le nguqulo ye-HDMI.

I-HDMI 2.0a

Isekela i-HDR
Ukubuyekezwa okuncane kwe-HDMI 2.0, eyethulwe ngo-Ephreli 2015, yengeze ukwesekwa kwe-HDR. Okwamanje, iningi lama-TV esizukulwane esisha asekela i-HDR asebenzisa le nguqulo. Izikhulisamandla ezintsha, izidlali ze-UHD Blu-ray, njll. nazo zizoba nezixhumi ze-HDMI 2.0a. I-HDMI 2.0b eyalandela iyinguqulo ebuyekeziwe yokucaciswa kwe-HDR10 yasekuqaleni, enezela i-Hybrid Log-Gamma, ifomethi ye-HDR esakazwayo.

Izinga le-HDMI 2.1 lisekela ividiyo enokulungiswa okungu-8K.

I-HDMI 2.1 inyuse kakhulu i-bandwidth yaba ngu-48Gbps.

I-HDMI 2.1
Isekela ividiyo engu-8K/60Hz, 4K/120Hz, kanye ne-Dynamic HDR (Dynamic HDR).
Inguqulo yakamuva ye-HDMI eyethulwe ngoJanuwari 2017, enomkhawulokudonsa ngokuphawulekayo ekhuphuke kakhulu yaya ku-48Gbps, ingasekela kufika ku-7,680 × 4,320/60Hz (8K/60p) izithombe, noma izinga eliphezulu lozimele izithombe ze-4K/120Hz. I-HDMI 2.1 izoqhubeka ihambisane ne-HDMI A, C, ne-D yoqobo kanye neminye imiklamo yamapulaki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isekela ubuchwepheshe obusha be-Dynamic HDR, obungathuthukisa nakakhulu ukugqama nokusebenza kokuhlukaniswa kombala ngokusekelwe ekusabalaleni okumnyama kohlaka ngalunye uma kuqhathaniswa ne-HDR “emile” yamanje. Mayelana nomsindo, i-HDMI 2.1 isekela ubuchwepheshe obusha be-eARC, obungadlulisela i-Dolby Atmos nomunye umsindo osuselwe ku-Object emuva kudivayisi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhlukahluka kwamafomu edivayisi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezintambo ze-HDMI ezinezixhumi ezibonakalayo ziye zavela, njenge-Slim HDMI, i-OD 3.0mm HDMI, i-Mini HDMI (uhlobo lwe-C), i-Micro HDMI (uhlobo lwe-D), kanye ne-Right Angle HDMI, izintambo zendololwane ezingama-90-degree, i-Flexible HDMI, njll., ezifanele izimo ezahlukene. Kukhona futhi i-144Hz HDMI yezinga eliphezulu lokuvuselela, i-48Gbps HDMI yomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, kanye ne-HDMI Enye Imodi ye-USB Type-C yamadivayisi eselula, okuvumela ukuxhumana kwe-USB-C ukuthi kukhiphe amasiginali e-HDMI ngokuqondile ngaphandle kwesidingo seziguquli.
Mayelana nezinto zokwakha nesakhiwo, kukhona namakhebuli e-HDMI anemiklamo yekesi lensimbi, njengekesi lensimbi le-Slim HDMI 8K HDMI, ikesi lensimbi le-8K HDMI, njll., elithuthukisa ukuqina nekhono lokungaphazamisi lamakhebuli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Spring HDMI ne-Flexible HDMI Cable nazo zihlinzeka ngezinketho eziningi zezimo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa.
Sengiphetha, izinga le-HDMI lihlala lishintshashintsha, lithuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo umkhawulokudonsa, ukulungiswa, umbala, nokusebenza komsindo, kuyilapho izinhlobo nezinto zezintambo ziya ngokuya zihlukahluka ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zabathengi zezithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu, umsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu, nokuxhumana okulula.