Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezindawo zokuxhumanisa zikagesi zamadiski okugcina angu-2.5-intshi / 3.5-intshi: i-PCIe, i-SAS kanye ne-SATA, “Esikhathini esidlule, ukuthuthukiswa kokuxhumana kwezikhungo zedatha empeleni kwakuqhutshwa yizikhungo noma izinhlangano ze-IEEE noma ze-OIF-CEI, futhi empeleni namuhla kushintshe kakhulu. Abaqhubi bezikhungo zedatha ezinkulu njenge-Amazon, i-Apple, i-Facebook, i-Google, kanye ne-Microsoft baqhuba ubuchwepheshe, hhayi ukuthi balinde amazinga ukuthi aqedwe, kodwa ukuthi umsebenzisi anqume konke. Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo kwemakethe ye-PCIe SSD, i-SAS SSD kanye ne-SATA SSD, yabelana ngesibikezelo esenziwe yi-Gartner ukuze wonke umuntu abhekisele kuso futhi axhumane.
Mayelana ne-PCIe
Akungabazeki ukuthi i-PCIe iyindinganiso yebhasi yezokuthutha ethandwa kakhulu, futhi ibuyekezwe njalo eminyakeni yamuva: I-PCIe 3.0 iseyiyona ethandwa kakhulu, i-PCIe 4.0 ikhula ngokushesha, i-PCIe 5.0 isizohlangana nawe, imininingwane ye-PCIe 6.0 isiqediwe inguqulo 0.5, futhi inikezwe amalungu enhlangano, izokhishwa ngonyaka ozayo ngesikhathi esibekiwe inguqulo yokugcina esemthethweni.
Uhlelo ngalunye lwencazelo ye-PCIe ludlula ezinguqulweni/izigaba ezinhlanu ezahlukene:
Inguqulo 0.3: Umqondo wokuqala oveza izici ezibalulekile kanye nokwakheka kwencazelo entsha.
Inguqulo 0.5: Incazelo yokuqala yohlaka ekhomba zonke izici zesakhiwo esisha, ifaka impendulo evela kumalungu enhlangano ngokusekelwe kunguqulo 0.3, futhi ifaka izici ezintsha eziceliwe ngamalungu kanye nezici ezintsha.
Inguqulo 0.7: Uhlaka oluphelele, zonke izici zencazelo entsha zinqunywa ngokugcwele, futhi imininingwane kagesi kumele iqinisekiswe yi-chip yokuhlola. Azikho izici ezintsha ezizongezwa ngemva kwalokho.
Inguqulo 0.9: Uhlaka lokugcina lapho amalungu enhlangano angaklama futhi athuthukise khona ubuchwepheshe nemikhiqizo yawo.
Inguqulo 1.0: Ukukhishwa kokugcina okusemthethweni, ukukhishwa komphakathi.
Eqinisweni, ngemva kokukhishwa kwenguqulo 0.5, abakhiqizi sebengaqala kakade ukuklama ama-test chips ukuze balungiselele umsebenzi olandelayo kusenesikhathi.
I-PCIe 6.0 ayihlukile. Uma ihambisana ne-backward ne-PCIe 5.0/4.0/3.0/2.0/1.0, izinga ledatha noma i-bandwidth ye-I/O izophindeka kabili ibe yi-64GT/s, kanti i-bandwidth yangempela ye-PCIe 6.0×1 ingu-8GB/s. I-PCIe 6.0×16 inama-128GB/s ohlangothini olulodwa kanye nama-256GB/s kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
I-PCIe 6.0 izoqhubeka nokufaka ikhodi kwe-128b/130b okwethulwe enkathini ye-PCIe 3.0, kodwa ingeze i-PAM4 entsha ye-pulse amplitude modulation ukuze ithathe indawo ye-PCIe 5.0 NRZ, engapakisha idatha eyengeziwe esiteshini esisodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphutha okuqhubekela phambili kwe-latency ephansi (FEC) kanye nezindlela ezihlobene zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-bandwidth.
Mayelana ne-SAS
I-Serial Attached SCSI interface (SAS), i-SAS iyisizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe be-SCSI, futhi i-hard disk ethandwayo ye-Serial ATA (SATA) iyafana, iwukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-serial ukuthola isivinini esiphezulu sokudlulisa, nangokufinyeza umugqa wokuxhuma ukuze kuthuthukiswe isikhala sangaphakathi. I-SAS iyi-interface entsha ethuthukiswe ngemuva kwe-interface ye-SCSI efanayo. Lesi sixhumi senzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukutholakala, kanye nokukhula kwesistimu yokugcina, okunikeza ukuhambisana nama-hard drive e-SATA. I-interface ye-SAS ayibukeki nje kuphela njenge-SATA, kodwa iyahambisana ne-SATA standard. I-Backpanel yesistimu ye-SAS ingaxhumanisa womabili ama-drive e-SAS anezimbobo ezimbili, asebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nama-drive e-SATA anamandla aphezulu, ashibhile. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-drive e-SAS kanye nama-drive e-SATA angahlala ndawonye ohlelweni olufanayo lokugcina. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlelo ze-SATA azihambisani ne-SAS, ngakho-ke ama-drive e-SAS awakwazi ukuxhunywa kuma-backplanes e-SATA.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwentuthuko ye-PCIe eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-SAS specification iye yathuthuka kancane kancane, kwathi ngoNovemba 2019, i-SAS 4.1 specification esebenzisa i-interface rate ye-24Gbps yakhishwa ngokusemthethweni, kanti i-SAS 5.0 specification yesizukulwane esilandelayo nayo iyalungiselelwa, okuzokwandisa i-interface rate ibe yi-56Gbps.
Njengamanje, emikhiqizweni eminingi emisha, i-SSD ye-SAS interface imbalwa kakhulu, umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe womsebenzisi we-inthanethi uthe abasebenzisi be-inthanethi abavami ukusebenzisa i-SAS SSD, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezizathu zokusebenza kwezindleko, i-SAS SSD phakathi kwe-PCIe ne-SATA SSD, kuyihlazo kakhulu, ukusebenza akunakuqhathaniswa ne-PCIe. Izikhungo zedatha ezinkulu kakhulu zikhetha i-PCIe, intengo ayikwazi ukuthola i-SATA SSD, amakhasimende abathengi abavamile akhetha i-SATA SSD.
Mayelana ne-SATA
I-SATA yi-Serial ATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Serial ATA, okuyi-specification ye-hard disk interface ephakanyiswe ngokuhlanganyela yi-Intel, i-IBM, i-Dell, i-APT, i-Maxtor, kanye ne-Seagate.
I-SATA interface isebenzisa izintambo ezi-4 ukudlulisa idatha, isakhiwo sayo silula, i-Tx+, i-Tx- ikhombisa umugqa wedatha yomehluko wokukhipha, ohambisanayo, i-Rx+, i-Rx- ikhombisa umugqa wedatha yomehluko wokufaka, njenge-interface ye-hard disk esetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe, inguqulo ethandwayo yamanje ingu-3.0, inzuzo enkulu ye-SATA 3.0 interface kufanele ibe evuthiwe, ama-hard disk ajwayelekile angu-2.5-intshi e-SSD kanye ne-HDD asebenzisa lesi sixhumi, i-bandwidth yokudlulisela yethiyori engu-6Gbps, yize uma kuqhathaniswa ne-interface entsha ye-10Gbps kanye ne-bandwidth engu-32Gbps kukhona igebe elithile, kodwa i-SSD evamile engu-2.5-intshi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza zansuku zonke zabasebenzisi abaningi, isivinini sokufunda nokubhala esingu-500MB/s noma ngaphezulu sanele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-10-2023
