Umhlahlandlela Wokugcina oya ku-USB4 Ukusuka ku-40Gbps Isivinini, Umkhawulokudonsa Onamandla ukuya Ekuxhumekeni Okugcwele Kwekhebula elilodwa
Selokhu kwavela i-USB4, besishicilela izindatshana eziningi nezixhumanisi ukuze sabelane ngolwazi olufanele. Kodwa-ke, ukuthandwa bekuphezulu kangangokuthi abantu yonke indawo babuza ngemakethe ye-USB4. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi ye-USB 1.0 kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokudlulisa idatha esingu-1.5Mbps, i-USB isidlule ezizukulwaneni eziningi. Kube nokucaciswa okuningi okufana ne-USB 1.0, i-USB 2.0, ne-USB 3.0, futhi umumo wesixhumi esibonakalayo nezikimu zedizayini zifake i-USB Type-A, USB Type-B, kanye nohlobo C lwe-USB oluvame kakhulu njengamanje, njll. I-USB4 ayinayo kuphela isivinini sokudlulisa esisheshayo kodwa futhi inokuhambisana okungcono (okusekela ukuhambisana okusemuva, okungukuthi, ukuhambisana nenguqulo ephansi). Ingakwazi ukuxhuma cishe wonke amadivayisi ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana futhi iwashaje. Uma ifoni yakho, ikhompuyutha, ukuqapha, iphrinta, njll. konke kusekela i-USB4, kusho ukuthi, udinga kuphela ikhebula ledatha elisekela i-USB4 ukuze uxhume izisetshenziswa, okwenza ihhovisi lasekhaya libe lula kakhulu. Awusadingi ukuthenga amakhebuli okuguqula isixhumi esibonakalayo ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, i-USB4 ingenza imodi yethu yokusebenza ihluke kakhulu futhi ibe lula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esinye isici esiphawulekayo se-USB4 ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi isetshenziswe kumadivayisi asemaphethelweni asekela ikhompuyutha yobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
01 USB4 vs. USB3.2
I-USB 3.2 iyindinganiso entsha ekhishwe inhlangano ye-USB-IF. Empeleni yethulwa ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba 2017. Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, i-USB 3.2 iyintuthuko nesengezo ku-USB 3.1. Ushintsho olubalulekile ukuthi isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha senyusiwe safinyelela ku-20 Gbps, futhi isixhumi esibonakalayo sisalandelaUhlobo Cuhlelo olusungulwe enkathini ye-USB 3.1, alusasekeli izixhumi ezibonakalayo zohlobo A no-Type-B. Kokubili i-USB4 ne-USB3.2 zisebenzisa izixhumi ezibonakalayo zohlobo C, kodwa i-USB4 iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. I-USB4 isekela ukudluliswa kanye nokwamukela kanyekanye komsingathi, i-PCI Express® (PCIe®), umsindo/ividiyo ye-DisplayPort, kanye nedatha ye-USB ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sohlobo C kusixhumanisi esifanayo. Abasingathi ababili be-USB4 bangashintshanisa amaphakethe wedatha ye-IP ngomhubhe wokusingathwa-kuya-kubambi; I-DisplayPort kanye nokudluliswa komhubhe we-USB kusho ukuthi umsindo, ividiyo, idatha, namandla kungadluliswa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo esifanayo, esishesha kakhulu kunokusebenzisa i-USB3.2. Ukwengeza, ukudluliswa komhubhe we-PCIe kunganikeza umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, futhi kufinyelele izinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa komthamo omkhulu, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa onqenqemeni, namanye amacala okusebenzisa.
I-USB4 ihlanganisa iziteshi ezimbili zokudlulisela nokwamukela zibe ukuxhumana okukodwa kwe-USB-C, ngesilinganiso esingafika ku-20 Gbps kanye40 Gbps, futhi isiteshi ngasinye singaba nenani ledatha elicishe libe ngu-10 Gbps noma u-20 Gbps. Kubathuthukisi be-chip, le datha ibaluleke kakhulu. Kudingeka bazi ukuthi kumodi ye-Thunderbolt3, isilinganiso sedatha esiteshini ngasinye sokudlulisela nokwamukela singu-10.3125 Gbps noma 20.625 Gbps. Kwimodi ye-USB evamile, isiteshi esisodwa kuphela sokudlulisa/ukwamukela esisebenza ngenani5 Gbps (USB3.0) or 10 Gbps (USB3.1), kuyilapho iziteshi ezimbili ze-USB3.2 zisebenza ngenani elingu-10 Gbps.
Mayelana nokuqina, izingxenye ezithwala amandla zesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Type-C ikakhulukazi ziyi-casing yensimbi yangaphandle, enamandla futhi engathandeki ekulimaleni. Isiteshi sedatha esimaphakathi sivikelwe yikhava emise okwe-arc, okwenza kube nzima ukusonakala. Izidingo zokuklama zikhomba ukuthiI-USB Type-Cingamelana nama-plug-ins angaphezu kuka-10,000 kanye nama-unplugs ngaphandle kokulimala. Uma kubalwa ngokusekelwe kuma-plug-in nama-unplugs angu-3 ngosuku, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB Type-C singasetshenziswa okungenani iminyaka engu-10.
02 Ukuthunyelwa Okusheshisiwe kwe-USB4
Ngemuva kokukhishwa okusemthethweni kwephrothokholi ye-USB 3.2, inhlangano ye-USB yamemezela ngokushesha imininingwane ye-USB 4 phakathi nesikhathi esifushane. Ngokungafani nezindinganiso zangaphambilini ezifanaI-USB 3.2, obekusekelwe kumthetho olandelwayo we-USB, i-USB 4 ayisakuthathi ukucaciswa kwe-USB ezingeni layo eliyisisekelo kodwa yamukela umthetho olandelwayo we-Thunderbolt 3 i-Intel edalule ngokugcwele. Lolu wushintsho olukhulu kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-USB emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Uma usebenzisa isixhumi sohlobo C ukuze uxhumeke, imisebenzi ye-USB4 ithatha indawo ye-USB 3.2, futhi i-USB 2.0 ingasebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-USB 3.2 I-SuperSpeed Ethuthukisiwe ihlala iyingqalasizinda eyisisekelo yokudluliswa "kwedatha ye-USB" kulayini we-USB 4 obonakalayo. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-USB4 ne-USB 3.2 ulele ekutheni i-USB4 igxile ekuxhumekeni. I-USB4 yakhelwe ngemihubhe ukuze idlulise ngokuhlanganyela idatha isuka kumaphrothokholi amaningi endaweni eyodwa ebonakalayo. Ngakho, isivinini kanye nomthamo we-USB4 kungabiwa ngokuguqukayo. I-USB4 ingasekela amanye amaphrothokholi wokubonisa noma ukuxhumana kosokhaya kuya kosokhaya kuyilapho ukudluliswa kwedatha kuqhubeka. Ukwengeza, i-USB4 inyuse isivinini sokuxhumana ukusuka ku-20 Gbps (Gen2x2) ye-USB 3.2 kuya40 Gbps (Gen3x2)emzileni ofanayo we-double-simplex izakhiwo.
I-USB4 ayizuzi nje kuphela i-USB enesivinini esikhulu (ngokusekelwe ku-USB3), kodwa futhi ichaza imigudu yokubonisa ngokusekelwe ku-DisplayPort kanye namahubhu okulayisha/esitolo asekelwe ku-PCIe.
Isici sokubonisa: Iphrothokholi yomhubhe wokubonisa ye-USB4 isuselwe ku-DisplayPort 1.4a. I-DP 1.4a ngokwayo isekela8k e60hz or 4k ngo-120Hz. Umsingathi we-USB4 udinga ukusekela i-DisplayPort kuzo zonke izimbobo ezingezansi zomfula. Uma usebenzisa imbobo ye-USB 4 ukudlulisa ngesikhathi esisodwa ividiyo nedatha, imbobo izokwaba umkhawulokudonsa ngokufanele. Ngakho-ke, uma ividiyo idinga kuphela u-20% womkhawulokudonsa ukushayela imonitha yakho engu-1080p (okubuye kube ihabhu), khona-ke u-80% osele wevidiyo ungasetshenziswa ukudlulisa amafayela ku-SSD yangaphandle.
Ngokuya ngemigudu ye-PCIe: Ukusekelwa kwe-PCIe ngabasingathi be-USB4 kungokuzithandela. Amahabhu e-USB4 kufanele asekele imihubhe ye-PCIe futhi inkinobho yangaphakathi ye-PCIe kufanele ibe khona.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokucaciswa kwe-USB 4 yikhono lokulungisa inani lezinsiza ezitholakalayo lapho kuthunyelwa ividiyo nedatha ngoxhumano olufanayo. Ngakho-ke, ake sithi unokuningi40 Gbps USB 4futhi bakopisha amafayela amakhulu ku-SSD yangaphandle futhi bakhiphela kusibonisi esingu-4K. Ake sithi umthombo wevidiyo udinga cishe i-12.5 Gbps. Kulokhu, i-USB 4 izonikeza u-27.5 Mbps osele kudrayivu eyisipele.
I-USB-C yethula "enye imodi", okuyikhono lokudlulisa ividiyo ye-DisplayPort/HDMI kusuka embobeni yohlobo C. Nokho, ukucaciswa kwamanje kwe-3.x akunikezi indlela enhle yokuhlukanisa izinsiza. NgokukaSaunders, imodi ye-DisplayPort alt ingahlukanisa ngokunembile umkhawulokudonsa phakathi kwedatha ye-USB nedatha yevidiyo ibe ngu-50/50, kuyilapho imodi ye-HDMI alt ingakuvumeli ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwedatha ye-USB.
I-USB4 ichaza izinga elingu-40Gbps, elivumela ukwabelana okunamandla komkhawulokudonsa ukuze ikhebuli yedatha eyodwa ikwazi ukufeza imisebenzi eminingi. Nge-USB4, kungenzeka ukudlulisa kanyekanye i-PCIe futhi ubonise idatha ngomugqa owodwa, kanye nemisebenzi evamile ye-USB, futhi unikeze namandla (nge-USB PD) ngendlela elula kakhulu. Ngokuzayo, iningi lamadivayisi asebenza ngogesi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amanethiwekhi anesivinini esikhulu, amakhadi ezithombe zangaphandle, izibonisi ezinencazelo ephezulu, izisetshenziswa zesitoreji esinesivinini esikhulu, noma umshini owodwa nomunye umshini, zingaxhunywa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sohlobo C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma la madivayisi asebenzisa i-USB4 Hub, ungaphinda uxhume amadivayisi amaningi ochungechungeni noma amagatsha avela kulawa madivayisi, okulula kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-20-2025
