Ukubuka Konke Kobuchwepheshe Bezincazelo Ze-HDMI 2.1b
Kubathandi bomsindo namavidiyo, imishini ejwayeleke kakhulu ngokungangabazeki yizintambo ze-HDMI kanye nezixhumi zokuxhuma. Selokhu kwakhishwa inguqulo engu-1.0 yencazelo ye-HDMI ngo-2002, sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule, i-HDMI ibe yindinganiso yesixhumi sokuxhuma esetshenziswa kakhulu kumadivayisi omsindo namavidiyo. Ngokusho kwamarekhodi asemthethweni, inani lokuthunyelwa kwamadivayisi e-HDMI lifinyelele amayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-11, okulingana cishe namadivayisi amabili e-HDMI ngomuntu ngamunye emhlabeni jikelele. Inzuzo enkulu ye-HDMI ukufana kwendinganiso yayo. Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, usayizi obonakalayo wesixhumi sokuxhuma esijwayelekile se-HDMI awuzange ushintshe, futhi iphrothokholi yesofthiwe ifinyelele ukuhambisana okuphelele emuva. Lokhu kulula kakhulu kumishini emikhulu yasekhaya enezibuyekezo zehadiwe ezihamba kancane, ikakhulukazi amathelevishini. Ngisho noma i-TV ekhaya iyimodeli endala yeminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi edlule, ingaxhunywa ngqo kuma-consoles egeyimu esizukulwane esilandelayo sakamuva ngaphandle kwesidingo sama-adapter. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-HDMI ithathe indawo ngokushesha yezingxenye zevidiyo, i-AV, umsindo, nezinye izixhumi zokuxhuma kumathelevishini futhi isibe yi-interface evame kakhulu kumathelevishini. Ngokwezibalo, yonke imikhiqizo yethelevishini emakethe ngo-2024 isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-HDMI, kanti i-HDMI nayo isibe yinkampani ehamba phambili yamafomethi anencazelo ephezulu njenge-4K, 8K, kanye ne-HDR. Izinga le-HDMI 2.1a liphinde lathuthukiswa: lizokwengeza amandla okunikezwa kwamandla ezintanjeni futhi lidinga ukufakwa kwama-chip kumadivayisi omthombo.
I-HDMI® Specification 2.1b inguqulo yakamuva ye-HDMI® Specification, esekela ububanzi bezixazululo zevidiyo eziphezulu kanye namazinga okuvuselela, kufaka phakathi i-8K60 kanye ne-4K120, kanye nezixazululo ezifika ku-10K. Iphinde isekele amafomethi e-HDR aguquguqukayo, kanye nomthamo we-bandwidth okhuphukayo ube yi-48Gbps HDMI. Izintambo ezintsha ze-Ultra High Speed HDMI zisekela i-bandwidth engu-48Gbps. Lezi zintambo ziqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezici ezizimele ze-bandwidth ephezulu kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ividiyo ye-8K engacindezelwanga ngokusekelwa kwe-HDR. Zine-EMI ephansi kakhulu (ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic), okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwamadivayisi angenantambo aseduze. Izintambo ziyahambisana nokubuyela emuva futhi zingasetshenziswa namadivayisi akhona e-HDMI.
Izici ze-HDMI 2.1b zifaka:
Isixazululo sevidiyo esiphezulu: Ingasekela ububanzi bezinqumo eziphakeme kanye namazinga okuvuselela okusheshayo (kufaka phakathi i-8K60Hz kanye ne-4K120Hz), ihlinzeka ngolwazi lokubuka olujulile kanye nemininingwane ebushelelezi yokuhamba okusheshayo. Isekela isinqumo esifinyelela ku-10K, ihlangabezana nezidingo ze-AV yezentengiselwano, izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, nezobungcweti.
I-Dynamic HDR iqinisekisa ukuthi yonke indawo ngisho nohlaka ngalunye lwevidiyo lubonisa amanani afanele okujula, imininingwane, ukukhanya, ukuqhathanisa, kanye nombala obanzi.
I-Source-based tone mapping (SBTM) iyisici esisha se-HDR. Ngaphandle kwe-HDR mapping eqediwe yidivayisi yokubonisa, iphinde ivumele idivayisi yomthombo ukuthi yenze ingxenye ye-HDR mapping. I-SBTM iwusizo kakhulu lapho kuhlanganiswa amavidiyo noma ihluzo ze-HDR ne-SDR esithombeni esisodwa, njengezithombe-esithombeni noma iziqondiso zohlelo namafasitela evidiyo ahlanganisiwe. I-SBTM iphinde ivumele ama-PC namadivayisi emidlalo ukuthi akhiqize ngokuzenzakalelayo amasignali e-HDR alungiselelwe ukuze asebenzise kahle amakhono e-HDR okubonisa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokucushwa ngesandla kwedivayisi yomthombo.
Izintambo ze-HDMI ezisheshayo kakhulu zingasekela umsebenzi we-HDMI 2.1b ongacindezelwanga kanye ne-bandwidth ye-48G ewusekelayo. I-EMI ekhishwayo evela ezintanjeni iphansi kakhulu. Ziyahambisana futhi nezinguqulo zangaphambilini ze-HDMI standard futhi zingasetshenziswa namadivayisi e-HDMI akhona.
Incazelo ye-HDMI 2.1b ithatha indawo ye-2.0b, kuyilapho incazelo ye-2.1a iqhubeka nokubhekisela futhi incike kuncazelo ye-HDMI 1.4b.
Indlela yokuhlonza imikhiqizo ye-HDMI 2.1b
Imininingwane ye-HDMI 2.1b ifaka ikhebula elisha - Ikhebula le-Ultra High-Speed HDMI®. Yilona kuphela ikhebula elihambisana nemininingwane eqinile, elihlose ukuqinisekisa ukusekelwa kwayo yonke imisebenzi ye-HDMI 2.1b, kufaka phakathi i-8k@60 kanye ne-4K@120 engacindezelwanga. Umthamo we-bandwidth othuthukisiwe wale khebula usekela kufika ku-48Gbps. Zonke izintambo eziqinisekisiwe zanoma yibuphi ubude kumele ziphumelele ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi se-HDMI Forum Authorized Testing Center (Forum ATC). Uma isiqinisekisiwe, ikhebula kuzodingeka libe nelebula yesitifiketi se-Ultra High-Speed HDMI enamathiselwe kuphakheji ngayinye noma kuyunithi yokuthengisa, ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukuqinisekisa isimo sesitifiketi somkhiqizo. Ukuze uthole ikhebula, qiniseka ukuthi ilebula yesitifiketi se-Ultra High-Speed HDMI edingekayo njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla iboniswa ephaketheni. Qaphela ukuthi ilogo yegama lekhebula elisemthethweni liphrintwe kulebula. Leli gama lidinga nokuvela esikhumbeni sangaphandle sekhebula. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ikhebula lihlolwe futhi laqinisekiswa futhi liyahambisana yini nencazelo ye-HDMI 2.1b, ungaskena ikhodi ye-QR kulebula usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lokuqinisekisa ikhebula le-HDMI olutholakala ku-Apple App Store, i-Google Play Store, nakwezinye izitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android.
Ikhebula ledatha elijwayelekile lenguqulo ye-HDMI 2.1b linama-pair ama-5 ezintambo ezisontekile ngaphakathi kwekhebula, kanti ukulandelana kombala wangaphandle kuphuzi, ku-orenji, kumhlophe, kubomvu, futhi kunamaqembu ama-2 okuxhumana kwezintambo eziyi-6, okwenza izintambo eziyi-21 sezizonke. Njengamanje, ikhwalithi yezintambo ze-HDMI iyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi kunomehluko omkhulu. Ukungahleleki kungaphezu kokucatshangwa. Abanye abakhiqizi bangakhiqiza imikhiqizo eqediwe engamamitha ama-3 enezintambo ze-30AWG ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-EMI futhi zine-bandwidth ye-18G, kuyilapho ezinye izintambo ezikhishwe abakhiqizi zine-bandwidth ye-13.5G kuphela, ezinye zine-bandwidth ye-10.2G kuphela, kanti ezinye zine-bandwidth ye-5G kuphela. Ngenhlanhla, i-HDMI Association inemininingwane eningiliziwe, futhi ngokuziqhathanisa, umuntu anganquma ikhwalithi yekhebula. Incazelo yesakhiwo sekhebula samanje: ucingo lwe-aluminium foil kuphakheji ye-5P lusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa idatha kanye neqembu elilodwa lezimpawu ze-DDC zezinqubo zokuxhumana. Imisebenzi yezintambo zethusi eziyi-7 yile: eyodwa yokunikezwa kwamandla, enye yomsebenzi we-CEC, ezimbili zokubuyisa umsindo (i-ARC), iqembu elilodwa lamasignali e-DDC (izintambo ezimbili eziyinhloko ezine-foam kanye nentambo eyodwa yomhlabathi ene-aluminium foil shielding) yezinqubo zokuxhumana. Izinketho zezinto ezahlukene kanye nokuhlanganiswa komsebenzi kwenza isakhiwo sezinto zekhebula kanye nomklamo wokusebenza kuholele ekuhlukeni okukhulu kwezindleko kanye nobubanzi obukhulu bentengo. Vele, ukusebenza kwekhebula okuhambisanayo nakho kuyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngezansi ukubola kwesakhiwo kweminye imikhiqizo yekhebula efanelekile.
Inguqulo ejwayelekile ye-HDMI
Ucingo lwethusi olungaphandle lulukiwe. Ipheya elilodwa lenziwe ngezinto ze-Mylar kanye nesendlalelo se-aluminium foil.
Ingaphakathi liboshwe ngokuqinile yisembozo sensimbi esivikelayo kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Lapho isembozo sensimbi esingaphezulu sisuswa, kunetheyiphu enamathelayo ephuzi eshisa kakhulu emboza ingaphakathi. Ngokususa isixhumi, kungabonakala ukuthi intambo ngayinye engaphakathi ixhunywe ngekhebula ledatha, eyaziwa nangokuthi “izikhonkwane ezigcwele”. Ikakhulukazi, ingxenye ephezulu yesixhumi seminwe yegolide inesendlalelo se-gold plating, futhi umehluko wentengo yemikhiqizo yangempela ulele kule mininingwane.
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zekhebula le-HDMI 2.1b ezihlangabezana nezimo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa emakethe, njengezintambo ze-Slim HDMI kanye ne-OD 3.0mm HDMI, ezifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezincane kanye nezintambo ezifihliwe;
Ikhebula le-HDMI eliyi-Right Angle (90-degree elbow) kanye nekhebula le-HDMI elingu-90 L/T, elilungele ukuxhuma amadivayisi ezindaweni ezincane;
Ikhebula le-MINI HDMI (uhlobo lwe-C) kanye nekhebula le-MICRO HDMI (uhlobo lwe-D), elifanele amadivayisi aphathekayo njengamakhamera namathebulethi;
Izintambo ezisebenza kahle njenge-8K HDMI, i-48Gbps Spring HDMI, njll., ziqinisekisa ukuzinza kokudluliselwa kwe-bandwidth ephezulu kakhulu;
Izinto ze-HDMI eziguquguqukayo kanye ne-Spring HDMI zinamandla okumelana nokugoba nokuqina;
Amamodeli e-Slim 8K HDMI, MINI kanye ne-MICRO anamagobolondo e-metal case athuthukisa kakhulu ukuvikela nokuqina kwe-interface, ikakhulukazi afanelekela izindawo eziphazamisa kakhulu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni.
Uma abathengi bethenga, ngaphezu kokuqaphela ilebula yesitifiketi se-HDMI esheshayo, kufanele futhi bahlanganise uhlobo lwabo lwesixhumi esibonakalayo sedivayisi (njengokuthi kuyadingeka i-HDMI encane kuya ku-HDMI noma i-HDMI encane kuya ku-HDMI) kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa (njengokuthi kuyadingeka i-engeli yesokudla noma ukwakheka okuncane) ukukhetha ikhebula le-HDMI 2.1b elifanele kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuhambisana okuhle kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-20-2025
